Diabetes is a metabolic disorder caused by impaired pancreatic function, resulting in decreased insulin concentration and activity. This causes the patient with diabetes to have elevated blood glucose concentrations (hyperglycemia). Hyperglycemia leads to serious risk factors and life-threatening complications for the individual. Because of these risks and the ensuing chronic illness for diabetic patients, ongoing medical care and education for self-management are required. Diabetes is a national and international healthcare issue due to its high incidence and healthcare costs.
According to the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2000, there were 171 million individuals worldwide with diabetes. That number is projected to increase to 366 million by 2030.
