Treatment protocols for MDS rely on the subtype. Low-grade MDS may become transfusion-dependent. Packed red cells and platelets transfusion would be indicated. Granulocytes colony-stimulating factor (GCSF) and erythropoietin (EPO) are medications to boost the production of white blood cells and red blood cells.
Induction chemotherapy and allogeneic stem cell transplant can be indicated in selective patients with no other systemic problems (normal liver, heart, lungs, and kidneys).
The new line of treatment is available using immunobiological therapies such as antithymocyte globulin, anti-CD33 antibody, indarubicin, and fludarabine.