| HPV Vaccines The FDA has approved vaccines to prevent HPV infections in young women: Gardasil, Merck & Co, quadrivalent vaccine, FDA approved June 2006 Cervarix, GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals, bivalent vaccine, FDA approved October 2009Vaccination is recommended for young women and immunization before the onset of sexual activity. If the vaccine is received after a HPV infection, it protects the individual from other HPV types that they have not been infected with, assuming these types are included in the vaccine. Gardasil and Cervarix are both recombinant vaccines administered in a set of three doses. Once vaccinated, regular cervical screening is required to detect infections and abnormal cytology from HPV types not contained in vaccines. | View Page |
| HPV Vaccines; Gardasil and Cervarix GardasilGardasil HPV vaccine contains HPV types 6, 11, 16, and 18. Those vaccinated are protected against the two viral types (6 and 11) that cause about 90% of condolymas and against the two viral types (16, 18) that cause approximately 70% of cervical cancer. Gardasil vaccination is recommended for girls 11 and 12 years old. The vaccine can be given to girls as early as 9 years of age and catch-up immunization is recommended for women ages 13-26 years.CervarixCervarix HPV vaccine contains only two HPV types, 16 and 18. Infection with either of these types is responsible for the majority of cervical carcinoma. It is approved for vaccination of women and girls ages 10-25 years. | View Page |
| References Cervical Cancer: Prevention and Early Detection. American Cancer Society. Available at http://www.cancer.org/docroot/CRI/content/CRI_2_6x_cervical_cancer_prevention_and_early_detection_8.asp. Accessed December 1, 2011. Cervista HPV, Cervista HPV – Invader Technology. HOLOGIC. Available at http://www.cervistahpv.com/laboratory/invadertechnology.html. Accessed December 1, 2011.Chin-Hong PV, Klausner JD. Diagnostic tests for HPV infection. Medical Laboratory Observer. October 2004:10-16.Cobo F, Concha A, Ortiz M. Human papillomavirus (HPV) type distribution in females with abnormal cervical cytology. A correlation with histological study. Virology Journal. 2009;3:60-66.Cox JT, Moriarty AT, CastlePE. Commentary on statement on HPV DNA test utilization. American Journal Clinical Pathology. 2009;131:770-773.HPV Vaccine Information for Clinicians. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Available at http://cdc.gov/std/hpv/stdfact-hpv-vaccine-hcp.htm. Accessed December 1, 2011.Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Natural History. American Society for Colposcopy and Cytological Pathology. Available at http://www.asccp.org/hpv_history.shtml. Accessed December 1, 2011.Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccines. National Cancer Institute. Available at http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/factsheet/prevention/HPV-vaccine. Accessed December 1, 2011.Human papillomaviruses and Cancer: Questions and Answers. National Cancer Institute Fact Sheet. Available at http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/factsheet/risk/hpv. Accessed December 1, 2011.Hybrid Capture 2 Technology. QIAGEN - Sample & Assay Technologies. Available at http://www1.qiagen.com/hpv/hc2technology.aspx. Accessed December 1, 2011.Markowitz LE, Sternberg M, Dunne EF, et al. Seroprevalence of human papillomavirus types 6, 11, 16, and 18 in the United States: national health and nutrition examination survey 2003-2004. Infectious Disease. 2009;200:1059-1067.Molecular Diagnostics Fundamentals, Methods, and Clinical Applications. Leal Buckingham and Maribeth L. Flaws. Philadelphia:FA Davis Company, 2007.Schutzbank TE, Jarvis C, Kahmann N, et al. Detection of high-risk papillomavirus DNA with commercial invader-technology-based analyte-specific reagents following automated extraction of DNA from cervical brushings in Thinprep media. Journal of Clinical Microbiology. 2007;45:4067-4069.Solomon D, Papillo JL, Davey DD. Statement on HPV DNA test utilization. American Journal of Clinical Pathology. 2009;131:768-769.Vernick JP, Steigman, CK. The HPV DNA virus hybrid capture assay: what is it—and where do we go from here? Medical Laboratory Observer. Mar 2003:8-13.Voss JS, Kipp BR, Campion MB et al. Comparison of fluorescence in situ hybridization, hybrid capture 2 and polymerase chain reaction for the detection of high-risk human papillomavirus in cervical cytology specimens. Analytical and Quantitative Cytology and Histology. 2009;31:208-216. | View Page |