Accurate semen analysis results require appropriate sample collection. Patients must receive detailed directions for proper specimen collection and transport. Directions should be in writing. Specific instructions should include:

• The period of abstinence prior to collection should be between 2 and 5 days.
• The entire specimen must be collected because the different portions have varying concentrations of spermatozoa.
• An appropriate collection container must be used.
  • Each laboratory should designate an appropriate, wide mouth, collection container.
  • Each lot of collection containers should be tested to ensure that it is non-toxic to sperm.
  • Alternative collection containers should be discouraged because their level of toxicity is unknown.
  • Use of condoms for collection should be discouraged particularly when the purpose of the semen analysis is to test for fertility. Some condoms are toxic to sperm. Collection in condoms often results in inaccurate results for semen volume and other parameters.