Semen analysis can provide important information related to the function of the male reproductive system but, even when results are within normal limits, it does not ensure that a male is fertile.

A normal semen analysis result does not mean that all causes of male infertility have been ruled out. One reason for this is that there can be considerable differences between one semen analysis result and another in a single individual.

On the other hand, an abnormal result does not always mean that a couple cannot conceive a pregnancy. Men with suboptimal sperm counts have been known to father children. Also, infection, trauma, stress, febrile illness and medications can cause temporary subfertility.

For all of these reasons multiple specimens are recommended for a complete analysis of the semen.