While pediatric phlebotomy can be challenging, these guidelines can contribute to success.
- Communication: Always be honest with the child. Never lie to a child and say that it won't hurt. If asked by the child if it will hurt, you could explain that it may feel like an insect bite or it may sting, but if he/she holds really still, it will be over very soon.
- Correct hold of child: Ask the parent or guardian to assist. If you have determined that the child's parent is willing and able to assist throughout the procedure, have the child sit on the parent's lap. The parent can gently "hug" the child in a way to limit the child's movement and stabilize the arm that will be used for venipuncture. Alternately, the child can lie on a bed or exam table. If the parent does not choose to help, ask for assistance from a coworker.
- Correct hold of the child's arm: A health care professional familiar with the procedure should assist by holding the arm that will be used for the blood collection. The holder should face the child and gently position the child's arm so that the arm is straight and palm facing up. Next, the holder should place one hand underneath the child's elbow grasping lightly yet firmly to stabilize the elbow. With the other hand, the holder should hold the child's hand firmly. This hold will help prevent movement of the arm, even if the child is moving his/her body. This hold also allows the phlebotomist easy access to the venipuncture site during the procedure.
- Distractions: At times, the phlebotomist may employ a technique to distract the child during the procedure. For example, to help the child keep still, tell the child that the only thing he/she can move is his/her eyelashes. This places the child's focus on moving only their eyelashes and before you know it, the procedure is done!
