Molecular methodologies can be useful in the detection of a variety of diseases that are important public health issues such as:

Chlamydia trachomatis (CT)

Neisseria gonorrhoeae (GC)

Human papillomavirus (HPV)

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV)

Cytomegalovirus (CMV)

In many clinical laboratories, traditional methods have been replaced by molecular methodologies because testing can occur for several pathogens in a single specimen. This is termed multiplex testing.