HIV transmission, due to occupational exposure, occurs by:
- Percutaneous injury, such as a needlestick or a cut with a sharp object;
- Contact of mucous membrane or abraded skin with HIV-infected blood or body fluids.
The risk of HIV transmission after a percutaneous exposure to HIV-infected blood is 0.3%.
The risk of HIV transmission after a mucous membrane exposure to HIV-infected blood is .09%.
The risk of HIV transmission after contact of abraded skin with HIV-infected blood is estimated to be less than .09%.