MediaLab, Inc. Course Preview Pages

• You Are At Risk!
• About This Course
• What Causes Hepatitis B?
• How is HBV Spread?
• Spread of HBV In The Community
• Body Fluids Most Likely To Transmit HBV
• Blood Needed For Transmission
• What happens after HBV infection?
• Serious adverse outcomes from HBV infection
• How long can HBV be spread?
• Who is infected?
• How common is HBV?
• How can HBV be prevented?
• What causes HIV Infection?
• How is HIV spread?
• What happens after HIV infection?
• How easily is HIV transmitted?
• How common is HIV?
• How can HIV be prevented?
• Hepatitis C Virus (HCV)
• HCV disease
• Hepatitis C treatments
• What happens after Hepatitis C infection
• How common is HCV
• Question
• Question
• Occupational Exposure Standard
• The Relevant Components
• The Exposure Control Plan
• Exposure category
• Preventative Measures
• The Hepatitis B Vaccination
• Standard Precautions!
• Methods of Control
• Engineering Controls
• Work Practice Controls
• Sharps
• Needles, safety needles, and needleless systems
• Sharps DOs and DON'Ts
• Handling Specimens
• Transporting Specimens
• Biohazard Labeled Container
• Housekeeping
• Small Surface Spills
• Broken Glassware
• Contaminated Wastes
• Contaminated Wastes (continued)
• Biohazard Labeled Bags
• Contaminated Laundry
• Labeling
• Labeling not Required
• PPE and the OSHA Standard
• Personal Protective Equipment
• Gloves Must be Worn
• Gloves
• Types of gloves
• Hypoallergenic Gloves
• Face and Eye Protection
• Garments worn as Personal Protective Equipment
• Question
• Question
• Importance of Hand Hygiene
• When to Wash Your Hands
• Handwashing Procedure
• Alcohol hand gel
• Exposure Incident
• If an Exposure Occurs
• Evaluation and Treatment
• Avoiding exposure
• Question
• Question
• Introduction
• Be Alert and Knowledgeable
• Classes of Fire
• Class A
• Class B
• Class C
• PASS
• RACE
• Know Your Work Area
• Good House Keeping
• Be Alert
• Don't Panic
• Fire Plan & Fire Drills
• This Program
• Goals of this Program
• Respect!
• In the Past
• In the Present
• Haz-Com
• Chemical Hygiene
• Employer Responsibility
• Your Responsibility
• Format of the Label
• Identification
• Instructions
• Read the Label!
• Numerical Ranking
• Health Hazards
• Fire Hazards
• Reactivity
• Special Hazards
• Right to Know
• Before Working...
• To Request a MSDS
• Sections
• Identification
• Identification (continued)
• Hazardous Ingredients
• Physical and Chemical Data
• Fire and Explosion Hazard Data
• Reactivity Data
• Health Hazard Data
• Spill and Disposal Data
• Handling and Storage Data
• General Information
• Be Prepared!
• General Laboratory Precautions
• Ingestion Prevention
• Management of Spill & Disposal
• Wash Your Hands!
• Personal Protective Equipment
• Fire Extinguishers
• Monitoring
• Common Sense Rules
• Common Sense Rules (continued)
• Keep It Safe!
• The Goal of this Program
• Relevant OSHA Standards
• What is Formaldehyde?
• Where is Formaldehyde Used?
• What Does Formaldehyde Do?
• Symptoms of Overexposure
• A Potential Carcinogen
• Surveillance Questionnaire
• Questionnaire (continued)
• Manufacturer's Label
• Material Safety Data Sheet
• Monitoring the Environment
• The Monitoring Badge
• Monitoring Results
• Permissible Limits
• Acceptable Results
• Unacceptable Results
• Corrective Action
• Warning Signs
• Respirators
• Respirators (continued)
• PPE
• If you become contaminated...
• In case of a spill...
• Your Laboratory
• Safety is no accident!
• The Ongoing Problem
• Trends in Tuberculosis
• Elimination of Tuberculosis (TB)
• Question
• Tuberculosis infection
• Symptoms
• A Word of Caution
• How tuberculosis is spread
• Infection Control
• High Risk Infection Groups
• High Risk Progression Groups
• Vaccine for Tuberculosis
• Question
• LTBI Testing Introduction
• Tuberculin Skin Test (TST)
• Records and Results
• TST Interpretation and Classification
• False Positive TST reactions
• TST False Negative Reactions
• Two Step Skin Testing
• Blood Assay for Mycobacterium tuberculosis (BAMT)
• Question
• CDC Guidelines
• CDC Risk Categories
• Tuberculosis Exposure Control Plan
• Health Care Worker Tuberculosis Screening
• Procedures with Increased TB Risk
• Question
• Fundamentals of TB infection control
• Three levels of TB Infection Control
• TB Infection Control in the Laboratory
• Biosafety Levels
• Biosafety Level 3
• Question
• Respiratory Protective Equipment
• Airborne Infection Isolation Room Practices
• Transporting TB Patients
• Protect Yourself
• References
• Introduction
• The Heimlich Maneuver
• Before Performing Heimlich Maneuver
• How to Perform the Heimlich Maneuver
• Caution
• Bleeding Aid
• Applying Direct Pressure
• Elevate the Wound
• Pressure Bandage
• Call For Medical Help
• Fracture
• Fracture Diagnosis
• Fracture Treatment
• Classification of Thermal Burns
• First Degree Thermal Burns
• Second Degree Thermal Burns
• Third Degree Thermal Burns
• Treatment of First and Second Degree
• Treatment of Third Degree
• Chemical Burns of Skin
• Treatment of Chemical Burns of Skin
• Chemical Burns of Eye
• Treatment of Chemical Burns of Eye
• CPR
• Purpose of this Course
• What is a voluntary compliance program?
• Introduction
• Element 1
• Element 2
• Element 3
• Element 4
• Element 5
• Element 6
• Element 7
• Laws and regulations that govern laboratories
• Risk areas
• Billing and medical necessity
• Coding
• Medical coverage policies (LMRPs)
• Advance Beneficiary Notices (ABNs)
• Confidentiality
• Requisitions and ambiguous orders
• Tests performed and ordered correctly
• Written and verbal orders
• Physician notices and acknowledgements
• Documentation and test release
• Panels and profiles
• Marketing and record retention
• Inducements
• Phlebotomists and equipment in client offices
• Utilization and other regulations
• Couriers and referral tests
• Medical necessity
• Billing
• ICD-9CM coding
• Local medical review policies (LMRPs)
• HCPCS and CPT coding
• Communication with physicians and patients
• Advance Beneficiary Notices (ABNs)
• Documentation
• Managers must set example
• Special role for managers/supervisors
• Preventing whistleblowers
• Protecting the company
• Whistleblowers
• Excused charges and other inducements
• Client contracts
• Test pricing and antitrust
• Sales proposals and discounts
• Equipment and space
• Test orders
• Confidentiality and inducements
• ICD-9 codes and ABNs
• Communicating with patients in person
• Case Study 1
• Case Study 2
• Case Study 3
• Case Study 4
• Case Study 5
• Case Study 6
• Case Study 7
• Case Study 8
• Case Study 9
• Case Study 10
• Employee's Responsibility
• Company Responsibility
• Question
• Question
• The Superoxol Test
• Question
• Review 2
• Question
• Question
• Acute Onset Pneumonia
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Pneumococcal Resistance
• Review 2
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Clinical History
• Question
• Question
• Question
• ESBL Activity
• Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamases
• Review 1
• Question
• Question
• Clinical History
• Question
• PYR Differential
• Question
• Enterococcus ID
• Enterococcus faecium ID
• Vancomycin Resistance
• Question
• Review 1
• Review 2
• Question
• Case History
• Question
• Question
• Colony Morphology
• Clostridium Quad Plate
• Clostridium septicum RapID ANA
• Question
• Review 1
• Review 2
• Review 3
• Question
• Question
• Clinical History
• Question
• Staph on BA
• Question
• Question
• Staph aureus Mannitol
• MRSA Screen
• MRSA Disk Test
• Review 1
• Review 2
• Review 3
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Spleen Specimen
• Question
• Question
• S. milleri CO2
• S. milleri Biochemicals
• Review 1
• Review 2
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Cellulitis Skin
• Question
• Question
• Group A Strep A Disk/SXT
• Question
• Review 1
• Review 2
• Question
• Question
• Clinical History
• Histology of Brain Biopsy
• Question
• Colony Morphology
• Question
• Question
• Listeria gram stain
• Question
• Listeria motility
• Review 1
• Review 2
• Review 2
• Review 3
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Cellulitis Lesion
• Eikenella BAP
• Question
• Eikenella - catalase & oxidase
• Eikenella biochemicals
• Question
• Question
• Review 1
• Review 2
• Review 3
• Question
• Question
• Question
• What is phlebotomy?
• What is a phlebotomist?
• What is a phlebotomist? [continued]
• What is a phlebotomist’s role in a health care facility?
• What is a phlebotomist’s role in health care facility? [continued]
• Laboratory work-flow cycle
• Work-flow cycle: patient ID to specimen processing
• Work-flow cycle: test performance to treatment
• Laboratory work-flow cycle: phlebotomist role
• Professionalism: maintaining confidentiality
• Professionalism: attitude
• Professionalism: appearance
• Professionalism: appearance continued
• What are bloodborne pathogens?
• Important bloodborne pathogens
• OSHA bloodborne pathogens standard
• Standard precautions
• Standard precautions continued
• Personal protective equipment
• Hand washing
• Hazardous waste disposal
• Needlestick safety and prevention act
• Needlestick safety and prevention act continued
• Needlestick safety and prevention act continued
• Needlestick safety and prevention act continued
• Anatomy & physiology: definitions
• Anatomy & physiology: essential to phlebotomy
• Integumentary system: structure
• Integumentary system : function
• Cardiovascular system : structure & function
• Circulation: venous portion
• Circulation: arterial portion
• Circulation: capillary portion
• Whole blood: components
• Plasma
• Plasma components
• Plasma water
• Plasma water continued
• Plasma electrolytes
• Plasma sugars
• Plasma proteins
• Plasma lipids
• Plasma drugs and toxins
• Whole blood formed elements
• Red blood cells
• White blood cells
• Platelets
• Blood clots
• Serum
• Common lab tests
• Panels or profiles
• Hemogram (CBC)
• Electrolytes panel (Lytes)
• Basic metabolic panel (BMP)
• Comprehensive metabolic panel (CMP)
• Obstetric panel
• Lipid panel
• Acute hepatitis panel
• Hepatic function panel
• TORCH panel
• Introduction to phlebotomy equipment
• Phlebotomy trays
• Blood collection tubes: introduction
• Blood collection tubes: types
• Hemogard ™ blood collection tubes
• Blood collection tubes: inversion
• Blood collection tubes: sizes
• Blood collection tubes: expiration dates
• Blood collection tubes: common types
• Lavender top tubes
• Light blue top tubes
• Green top tubes
• Red top tubes
• Speckle top tubes
• Gray top tubes
• Yellow top tubes
• Royal blue top tubes
• Blood culture bottles
• Needles
• Needle components
• Blood transfer device
• Single draw needles
• Multiple draw needles
• Needles with built-in safety devices
• Multiple draw needles with built-in safety features.
• Butterfly needles
• Butterfly needles continued
• Butterflies with built-in safety features
• Butterfly needles with built-in safety features continued
• Lancets
• Plastic holders used with the evacuated tube system
• Needle holders with built-in protection devices
• Needle holders, built-in protection devices contd
• Syringes
• Syringes with built-in safety devices
• Syringes with built-in safety devices contd.
• Tourniquets
• Sterilization materials for phlebotomy
• Bandaging materials
• Gloves
• Sharps disposal containers
• Marking pen
• Greeting
• Greeting continued
• Patient Identification
• Importance of Patient ID
• Patient Identification continued
• Special Requests
• Venipuncture Standard precautions
• Wash hands and apply gloves
• Positioning the patient
• Applying the tourniquet
• Applying the tourniquet continued
• Patient clenches fist
• Choosing a site
• Choosing a site continued
• Alternate Sites
• Sites to avoid
• Routine venipuncture equipment
• Routine Venipuncture equipment continued
• Cleaning the site
• Cleaning the site continued
• Attach needle to holder
• Place tube into holder
• Hold vein in place
• Insert needle
• Push tube onto holder
• Blood won't flow
• Adjust needle
• Multiple tube collections
• Remove needle
• Apply pressure
• Apply adhesive pressure
• Activation of safety device
• Needle disposal
• Specimem labeling
• Specimem labeling continued
• Finger stick - Specimen collection
• Heelstick - Pediatric collection procedures: Introduction
• Heelstick - Neonatal Blood collection
• Heelstick - Site selection and preparation
• Heelstick - Puncture
• Heelstick - specimen collection
• Heelstick - Apply sterile gauze
• Butterfly needle - Butterfly needle collections
• Butterfly needle - Butterfly needle collections continued
• Butterfly needle - Butterfly needles and needle-stick injuries
• Butterfly needle - Butterfly needles with built-in safety features
• Butterfly needle - Angel WingTM safety butterfly
• Butterfly needle - Punctur-GuardTM safety butterfly
• Finger stick - Finger stick collections
• Finger stick - Site preparation
• Finger stick - puncture
• Finger stick - Wipe away the first drop
• Finger stick - Specimen collection continued
• Syringe - Syringe blood collections
• Syringe - Syringe blood collections continued
• Syringe - Transferring blood to collection tubes
• Syringe - Transferring blood to collection tubes contd
• Introduction
• Introduction continued
• Performance
• Bleeding time
• Apply blood pressure cuff
• Prepare the site
• Make the incision
• Wick the blood
• Record elapsed time
• Bandage the incision
• Introduction
• Avoid skin contamination
• Equipment
• Select the site
• Site preparation
• Site preparation continued
• Feel the vein
• Clean the bottle tops
• Collection methods
• Volume is important
• Activate needle safety device
• Remove iodine
• Additional tips
• Additional tips continued
• Introduction
• 12 hour fast
• Collection tubes
• Administration of glucose
• Specimen collection
• Patient observation
• One hour screening test for gestational diabetes
• Introduction
• Peak and trough levels
• Collection times
• Introduction
• Collection kits
• Urine
• Urine continued
• Blood
• Documentation
• Blood bank specimens
• Hollister and similar systems
• Concept of Hollister and similar systems
• Hollister system: specimen collection and labeling
• Hollister system: armbands
• Hollister system: armbands continued
• Uncooperative patients
• Patients refusing blood work
• Fainting
• Fainting continued
• Hematosis
• Blood should not be drawn from arms with IVs
• Signs
• Arms to avoid
• Allergies
• Unsatisfactory specimens
• Causes
• Hemolysis
• Causes of hemolysis
• Clots
• Causes of clotting
• Insufficient volume
• Partial collection tubes
• Labeling errors
• Causes of labeling errors
• What if no blood flows when the needle is in place?
• Case
• Question
• Discussion
• Case
• Question
• Discussion
• Case
• Question
• Discussion
• Case
• Question
• Discussion
• Case
• Question
• Discussion
• Case
• Question
• Discussion
• Case
• Question
• Discussion
• Case
• Question
• Discussion
• Case
• Question
• Discussion
• Case
• Question
• Discussion
• Case
• Question
• Discussion
• Case
• Question
• Discussion
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• What is HIPAA?
• Who does HIPAA apply to?
• Question
• Importance of Privacy - An Example
• Privacy is Your Responsibility.
• HIPAA Enforcement
• Relevant Components of HIPAA
• What is the HIPAA Privacy Regulation:
• What Information is Protected?
• The HIPAA Privacy Regulation:
• Administrative Requirements include the following:
• Safeguards
• Physical Safeguards
• Administrative Safeguards
• Technical Safeguards
• Question
• HIPAA Provides for the Following Rights:
• Question
• Notification
• Authorization
• Question
• Limiting Use and Disclosure of PHI
• Question
• Question
• Minimum Necessary Use and Disclosure
• Question
• Question
• Business Associate Agreement
• Question
• De-Identified Health Information
• Question
• Fax Machines
• What is the HIPAA Security Regulation?
• What is Electronic PHI (ePHI)?
• Security Officer
• Safeguards
• Administrative Safeguards
• Question
• Physical Safeguards: Access Controls
• Physical Safeguards: Storage and Disposal of Media
• Question
• Technical Safeguards: System Access Control
• Technical Safeguards: Passwords
• Protection Against Viruses and Malicious Software.
• email Security
• Question
• Follow your own Facilities' Policies and Procedures.
• Intent of this program
• Types of collections
• Standard collection
• Monitored collection
• Monitored collection
• Observed collection
• Prosthetic devices
• Observed collection
• Observed collection
• Question
• Federal drug testing custody and control form (CCF)
• Non-federally regulated custody and control form
• Custody and Control Form
• Exceptions
• Question
• Five areas having prerequisites for proper collection
• Collection site security requirements
• Other collection site requirements
• Collection supplies
• Collection Supplies
• Rules for collectors
• Completing the federally regulated custody and control form
• Completing the federally regulated custody and control form
• Completing the federally regulated custody and control form
• Acceptable forms of identification
• What if a self employed donor cannot produce photo identification?
• Unacceptable forms of identification
• Positive identification must be obtained before collection
• Steps for Typical Urine Collection
• Donor Preparation
• Donor washes hands
• The collection kit
• Donor provides the specimen
• Specimen integrity
• Specimen integrity
• Collector documents specimen temperature
• Donor gives specimen to collector
• Collector disperses specimen to bottle(s)
• Collector applies tamper-evidence seals
• Collector dates seals, donor initials seals
• Donor completes certification statement
• Collector packages specimen
• Distribution of custody and control form
• Question
• When problems occur
• Medications
• Refusal to test
• Refusal to test
• Situations not considered as refusal
• Donor refuses to complete paperwork
• Shy bladder
• Shy bladder
• Shy bladder
• Observed collection procedure
• Observed collection procedure
• Observed collection scenarios
• Observed collection scenarios
• Observed collection scenarios
• Observed collection scenarios
• Broken Security Seal
• Accidental Spills
• Fatal Flaws and Correctable Flaws
• Responsibilities and requirements for collectors
• What is Blood Composed of?
• Erythrocytes or Red Blood Cells (RBC's)
• Leukocytes or White Blood Cells (WBC's)
• Thrombocytes (Platelets)
• Overview
• Segmented and Band Nuclei
• Band Neutrophil
• Appearance of a Band Neutrophil
• Nucleus of the Band Neutrophil
• Maturing into Segmented Neutrophil
• Segmented Neutrophil
• Appearance of the Segmented Neutrophil
• Nucleus of the Segmented Neutrophil
• Definition of a Band Cell
• Definition of a Segmented Cell
• Definition of a Segmented Cell continued.
• Differentiating Bands from Segs
• Eosinophils
• Appearance of Cytoplasm
• Difference Between Neutrophilic Granules and Eosinophilic Granules
• The Nucleus of a Eosinophil
• Basophil
• Appearance of Cytoplasm
• Basophil Granules
• The Chromatin Pattern of the Basophil Nucleus
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Primary Function of Neutrophils
• Phagocytosis in a Neutrophil
• The Process of Phagocytosis
• Life Span and function of Eosinophils
• Eosinophils in Parasitic Infections and Allergic Reactions
• Basophils as Mediators of Inflammatory Responses
• Basophils in the Blood
• Mast Cells
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Mononuclear Cells: Lymphocytes and Monocytes.
• Lymphocyte or Lymph
• Small Lymphocytes
• Nucleus of Lymphocyte
• Large Lymphocytes
• Large Lymphocytes are Fragile Cells
• Large Lymphocyte Nuclei
• "Stretching" of Large Lymphocyte Nuclei
• Chromatin Pattern of Large Lymphocytes
• Monocyte
• Apprearance of Cytoplasm
• Opaque vs. Transparent
• Cytoplasmic Vacuoles
• Monocytes are Extremely Motile Cells
• Monocytes Nucleus compared to other Leukocytes
• Characteristics of the Monocyte Nucleus
• Overall Appearance of the Nucleus
• Differentiating Monocytes from Large Lymphocytes
• Differentiating Large Lymphocytes from Monocytes; A Table.
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• What is the Function of Lymphocytes?
• Humoral Immunity
• Cellular Immunity
• Null Cells
• When Lymphocytes Transform
• Monocytes
• Monocytes Defense
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Platelets
• Shape of a Platelet
• Platelet Clumps
• Platelet Color
• Platelet Cytoplasm
• Platelet Cytoplasm
• Platelet Kinetics
• Platelet Function
• Question
• Question
• Appearance of the Erythrocyte
• Erythrocyte Shape
• Cell Diameter
• Function and Kinetics
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Glossary of Terms A through M.
• Glossary of Terms N through Z.
• What is Cerebrospinal Fluid?
• Amount of CSF
• Location of CSF
• Three Main Functions of CSF
• Normal CSF Protein Level
• Chemical Substances Present in CSF
• Cells Present in Normal CSF
• CSF Evaluation and Diagnosis
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• CSF Specimen Collection Process
• Specimen Collection (continued)
• Purposes of Collection Tubes
• Collection Tubes (continued)
• Which Tests May Be Ordered?
• Specimen Labeling and Transport
• Initial Specimen Examination
• Specimen Handling and Storage
• Safety Precautions
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Normal Characteristics
• Abnormalities
• Turbidity
• Clot/Pellicle
• Bloody Specimen
• Xanthochromia
• An Example of Xanthochromia
• Other Causes of Xanthochromia
• Causes of Xanthochromia in Premature Infants
• Important Aspects of Xanthochromia
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Normal Cell Counts
• Examining CSF with the Hemacytometer
• Examining CSF with the Hemacytometer (continued)
• Calculation of CSF Cell Count
• More on Undiluted Specimens
• Diluted Specimens
• Examining a Diluted Specimen
• Diluting Fluids
• WBC Correction for Traumatic Tap
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Stained Cytospin Preparations of CSF
• Cytospin Technique
• Cells Seen in CSF
• Mature Peripheral Blood Cells
• Immature Hematopoietic Cells
• Tissue Cells
• Malignant Cells
• Table of Normal CSF Properties
• Table of Conditions
• Mature Lymphocytes
• Neutrophil and Lymphocyte
• More Neutrophils and Lymphocytes
• Red Cells and Lymphocytes
• Monocytes
• Monocytes (continued)
• Lymphocytes
• Cells
• Neutrophils
• Blast Cells
• Spinal Fluid Sample
• Malignant Cells
• Another Malignant Cell
• Pia Arachnoid Mesothelial Cells
• Pia Arachnoid Mesothelial Cells (continued)
• Pia Arachnoid Mesothelial Cells (continued)
• Macrophage
• More Blast Cells
• More Malignant Cells
• Two Monocytes
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• What is Erythrocyte inclusion?
• More on Erythrocyte inclusions
• Question
• Question
• Reticulocytes
• More on Reticulocytes
• Erythrocyte Production
• Stress Reticulocytes
• Normal Red Cells
• Polychromatophilic Cells
• Another Polychromatophilic Cell
• Stress Reticulocyte
• Polychromatophilic Cell Absence
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• What is Basophilic Stippling?
• More on Basophilic Stippling
• Fine and Coarse Basophilic Stippling
• Basophilic Stippling
• Polychromatophilic Cell
• Coarse Basophilic Stippling
• Another Coarse Basophilic Stippling
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• What are Howell-Jolly Bodies?
• More on Howell-Jolly Bodies
• Howell-Jolly Body
• Another Howell-Jolly Body
• Howell-Jolly Bodies in Cytoplasm
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• What are Pappenheimer bodies?
• More on Pappenheimer bodies
• Howell-Jolly body and Pappenheimer bodies
• Cells Containing Pappenheimer Bodies
• Basophilic Stippling contrasted with Pappenheimer Bodies
• Howell-Jolly bodies and Pappenheimer bodies
• Three Way Comparison
• Siderotic Granules
• Siderocytes and Ring Sideroblasts.
• Siderocytes
• Sideroblast
• Another Sideroblast
• Ring Sideroblast
• Siderotic Granules
• Ring Sideroblast
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• Question
• What are Cabot rings?
• Cabot Rings
• More Cabot Rings
• Cabot Ring Impersonation
• Question
• Question
• Evaluation of Bone Marrow
• Examples of Conditions
• After Marrow Evaluation
• Question
• Question
• Basic Structure and Function of Bone Marrow
• Basic Structure and Function of Bone Marrow Cont'd
• Sinuses/Blood Vessels
• Cellular Componenets of Hematopoietic Cords
• Supporting Cells
• Fat Cells
• Location of Cells within Cord
• Location of Cells within Cord continued
• Lymphocytes
• Changes in C