Nitrates Information and Courses from MediaLab, Inc.
These are the MediaLab courses that cover Nitrates and links to relevant pages within the course.
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| Bladder Infections Bladder infections are usually caused by gram-negative bacteria. These bacteria reduce nitrates derived from food to nitrites when urine remains in the bladder three to four hours, sufficient time for this reaction to occur. Nitrite is not present in urine under normal circumstances. When present, nitrites react with p-arsanilic acid to produce a diazonium compound. The diazonium compound in turn couples with 3-hydroxy-1,2,3,4 tetrahydrobenzo-(h)-quinolin to produce a pink color. A first morning, clean, voided midstream specimen is optimal for detecting nitrites in urine. | View Page |
| Nitrates in urine are reduce to nitrites by: | View Page |
| S. milleri Biochemicals The combination of decarboxylation of arginine (red color in the 2nd tube from left compared to the yellow color of the control to its left), the hydrolysis of esculin (black pigment in the esculin agar tube) and the reduction of nitrates to nitrites (red color in last tube on the right) are biochemical characteristics confirmatory for S. milleri (anginosus). | View Page |
| Eikenella biochemicals Although not performed that often, the following tests are useful in separating E. corrodens from other closely related members of the HACEK group:KIA showing an alk/alk reaction;
Glucose fermentation (-);
Reduction of nitrates to nitrites (+);
Production of indole (-);
Ornithine decarboxylase (+)
The positive nitrate reduction reaction eliminates Cardiobacterium hominis, Kingella kingae and other Kingella species.The positive ornithine decarboxylase reaction eliminates Kingella denitrificans (which also denitrifies nitrate to nitrogen gas, a reaction negative for E. corrodens).Eikenella corrodens is asaccharolytic, whereas most other closely related species produce acid from one or more carbohydrates. | View Page |