Hepatitis b Information and Courses from MediaLab, Inc.

These are the MediaLab courses that cover Hepatitis b and links to relevant pages within the course.

Learn more about laboratory continuing education for medical technologists to earn CE credit for AMT, ASCP, NCA, and state license renewal and recertification. Or get information about laboratory safety and compliance courses that deliver cost-effective OSHA safety training and continuing education to your laboratory's employees.

CLIA Blood Banking Review
Patients with antibody to the following antigen are immune to Hepatitis B:	View Page
Which of the following will generally first be found about 12 weeks after the onset of acute Hepatitis B:	View Page

CLIA General Laboratory Review
Which one of the following statements about Hepatitis is true?	View Page
Which one of the following statements about the Hepatitis B vaccine is correct?	View Page
Which one of the following statements about the hepatitis B vaccine is correct?	View Page

CLIA Microbiology / Serology Review
Which of the following would you expect to find in the serum of a patient who has recovered from Hepatitis B infection within 6 months after infection:	View Page
Match the type of hepatitis with its route of transmission	View Page
Match the hepatitis B test with the appropriate disease phase	View Page
Match each virus with its appropriate nucleic acid content:	View Page

OSHA Bloodborne Pathogens (updated October 2008)
You Are At Risk! As a healthcare worker, you come into contact with materials that may contain bloodborne pathogens. These are infectious organisms, usually viruses, which live in human blood and body fluids.The most important ones are: Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Hepatitis C Virus (HCV)	View Page
The Relevant Components These are the relevant components of OSHA standard which are required for each facility: Exposure control plan Preventive measures Hepatitis B vaccination Standard precautions Methods of control Engineering and work practice controls Personal protective equipment Housekeeping Labeling What to do if an exposure incident occurs	View Page
Preventative Measures Preventative measures are actions that you can take to protect yourself from bloodborne pathogens. They include: Hepatitis B Vaccine Standard Precautions	View Page
The Hepatitis B Vaccination The Hepatitis B Vaccine is one of the most important ways to prevent infection. About 90% of people who receive it get immunity. The present recombinant vaccine is made by genetically altered bakers yeast and contains no blood components. It is very safe.Side effects are minimal. Symptoms such as temporary soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or joint pain may occur but are rare.The procedure consists of three shots in the upper arm given over a six month period.The OSHA standard requires that employers provide the vaccine free of charge to you if your occupation puts you at risk. You may decline the vaccine; but you will be asked to sign a Declination Statement.	View Page
Which of the following statements about Hepatitis B vaccination is true?	View Page
How can HBV be prevented? You can avoid exposure to Hepatitis B by taking the appropriate precautions, such as: Receiving the immunization against Hepatitis B. Following standard precautions. Maintain proper work practices. Using proper techniques when handling materials which may be contaminated with blood or other potentially infected body fluids.	View Page
How is HBV Spread? The virus is spread when body fluids from an individual with the Hepatitis B virus are introduced into the body of a susceptible person.This contact may occur during introduction of blood or potentially infectious body fluid: Through an opening or sore in the skin. Via a puncture with a contaminated sharp such as a needle. Through direct contact with mucous membranes that line the insides of the mouth, nose, eyes, and the genital organs. HBV is not spread through casual contact, such as handshake, or through sweat.	View Page
What Causes Hepatitis B? Hepatitis B is caused by the Hepatitis B virus, or HBV.Following introduction of the virus into a susceptible person, it travels through the blood stream to the liver. Once in the liver the virus will multiply and cause hepatitis (inflammation of the liver).	View Page
Who is infected? Patients with Hepatitis B and other bloodborne infections can appear healthy, so you can't tell whose blood is infectious.So treat all: blood body fluids secretions (except sweat) excretions non-intact skin mucous membranes as if they were infectious.That's what the term Standard Precautions means.	View Page
How common is HBV? There are approximately 800,000 to 1.4 million chronic hepatitis B carriers in the U.S. Worldwide it is estimated that there are 350 million people infected with HBV, which contributes to an estimated 620,000 deaths worldwide each year (CDC, 2008).The annual number of occupational infections has decreased 95% since hepatitis B vaccine became available in 1982, from more than 10,000 in 1983 to less than 400 in 2001 (CDC "Exposure to Blood" report).	View Page
Serious adverse outcomes from HBV infection About 10% of adults who are infected with hepatitis B go on to chronic hepatitis, which lasts for years.Chronic hepatitis B eventually can cause scarring of the liver (known as cirrhosis), liver failure, and, more rarely, liver cancer.While these complications are uncommon, they serve to emphasize the need for proper techniques to prevent transmission of HBV.	View Page
Transmission of Hepatitis B can be prevented by:	View Page
Transmission of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) can occur from all of the following EXCEPT:	View Page

Packaging and Shipping Infectious Materials
Classification Scenario 1 A blood specimen is collected from a patient that is suspected of having Hepatitis B. The specimen will be sent via commercial carrier (e.g., Federal Express, DHL, or UPS) to a reference laboratory for further testing. What classification should be used for appropriate packaging and labeling? Work through the Classification Decision Tree.	View Page
Classification Scenario 2 A blood specimen is collected from a patient suspected of having Hepatitis B. The specimen will be taken to the testing laboratory by the laboratory's own courier service using an exclusive use motor vehicle. What classification should be used for appropriate packaging and labeling?Work through the Classification Decision Tree.	View Page

Phlebotomy
Acute hepatitis panel Acute hepatitis panel: Hepatitis A antibody (IgM) Hepatitis B core antibody, IgM (HBcAb) Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) Hepatitis C antibody	View Page
Obstetric panel CBC Hepatitis B surface antigen Antibody, rubellaSyphilis test (RPR) Antibody screen Blood type, Rh and ABO	View Page
Important bloodborne pathogens The most important bloodborne pathogens are: Hepatitis B and C & Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). Hepatitis B is very infectious via the blood-borne route. 30% of needle-sticks from patients who are Hepatitis B will result in infection. Hepatitis C is much more common in the United States. HIV is rarely transmitted via needle-stick injury. Nevertheless, utmost care is needed, because of its very serious nature. HIV is not transmitted by casual contact.	View Page

Quality Control

Safety and Handling of Controls

To ensure the safety of those performing patient testing, controls do not contain HIV or the hepatitis B virus. Manufacturers place the same batch of control material into small vials. This allows only a small portion of the control to be handled while the remainder is stored until needed. Storage information for controls is printed on the label. These instructions should be followed carefully in order to prevent contamination or false results.

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