Genus Information and Courses from MediaLab, Inc.
These are the MediaLab courses that cover Genus and links to relevant pages within the course.
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| Review 1 Podschun R. Ullmann U.:
Klebsiella spp. as nosocomial pathogens: epidemiology, taxonomy, typing methods, and pathogenicity factors
Clinical Microbiology Reviews. 11(4):589-603, 1998Bacteria belonging to the genus Klebsiella frequently cause human nosocomial infections. In particular, the medically most important Klebsiella species, Klebsiella pneumoniae, accounts for a significant proportion of hospital-acquired urinary tract infections, pneumonia, septicemias, and soft tissue infections.The principal pathogenic reservoirs for transmission of Klebsiella are the gastrointestinal tract and the hands of hospital personnel. Because of their ability to spread rapidly in the hospital environment, these bacteria tend to cause nosocomial outbreaks. Hospital
outbreaks of multidrug-resistant Klebsiella spp., especially those in neonatal wards, are often caused by new types of strains, the so-called extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase (ESBL) producersThe incidence of ESBL-producing strains among clinical Klebsiella isolates has been steadily increasing over the past years. The resulting limitations on the therapeutic options demand new measures for the management of Klebsiella hospital infections.While the different typing methods are useful epidemiological tools for infection control, recent findings about Klebsiella virulence factors have provided new insights into the pathogenic strategies of these bacteria. Klebsiella pathogenicity factors such as capsules or lipopolysaccharides are presently considered to be promising candidates for vaccination efforts that may serve as immunological infection control measures. | View Page |
| Beta hemolytic colonies grew from the blood culture bottle after 18 hours incubation (see photograph). The following tests would be helpful in making a preliminary identification: | View Page |
| A dermatophyte that produces thin-walled, two or three-celled macroconidia, and no microconidia, most likely belongs to the genus: | View Page |
| Match the names of each of the fungal species listed in the drop-down box with the corresponding identifying structures illustrated in the photomicrographs: | View Page |
| Match the name of each fungal species listed with its most likely corresponding morphologic features. | View Page |
| The chain of conidia illustrated in this photomicrograph, with the deep-staining truncated bases, are called annelloconidia, and are most characteristic of: | View Page |
| The dematiaceous conidium illustrated in this photomicrograph was obtained from a tiny portion of dark colony that grew to maturity in six days. Spores incubated in a saline mount for four hours developed germ tubes from both terminal cells. The features observed confirm the identification of: | View Page |
| The etiologic agent of the superficial skin infection tinea niger palmaris (plantaris) is: | View Page |
| Arrange the parasites listed here in increasing order (starting with none) based on the length of their undulating membranes: | View Page |
| Special Considerations for Genital Smears Gram negative cocci which occur in pairs with their adjacent sides flattened, giving them a coffee bean appearance, are typical of the genus Neisseria. Neisseria gonorrhea is commonly found within white blood cells; these organisms must be carefully sought within genital tract specimens, and their presence or absence should be specifically noted in the report.The presence of intracellular gram negative diplococci in a purulent male urethral smear is presumptive evidence of gonococci, but this assumption cannot be made in a female.Beware of other organisms which resemble gonococci but are found extracellularly, such as Acinetobacter lwoffi, which must be distinguished biochemically.Direct smears read specifically for the presence of gonococci should include a direct reference to gram negative intracellular diplococci. | View Page |