Transfusion Reactions (Online Course)
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Author: Erin Tretter, MT(ASCP)
Reviewer: Judi Bennett BSM, MT(AMT)
What are the risks associated with blood transfusion? As a laboratory professional involved in blood preparation for transfusion, do you know what steps you can take to minimize those risks? If a patient starts to exhibit various symptoms during or after a transfusion, would you know how to interpret those symptoms and what actions to take to prevent harm to the patient? These are all important questions that are asked and answered by our new course, Transfusion Reactions. This course covers important types of transfusion reactions, including acute hemolytic transfusion reactions, transfusion-related acute lung injury, and transfusion-associated graft versus host disease. If you are a part of the health care team that is involved in the processing and administration of blood products, this course will reinforce those policies and procedures that you may already know, but are important to review. This course will update your knowledge about the various types of reactions that occur and their associated symptoms. Even though you may not be involved in the clinical part of the transfusion process, it is important to understand the big picture to recognize how important your job is to ensure patient transfusion safety.
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Continuing Education Credits
- P.A.C.E.® Contact Hours: 1.5 hour(s)
- Florida Board of Clinical Laboratory Science CE - General (Blood Banking / Immunohematology): 1.5 hour(s)
Objectives
- Define transfusion reaction.
- Identify the risks of transfusions.
- Compare and contrast immediate hemolytic transfusion reactions and delayed hemolytic transfusion reactions.
- List and define the types of nonhemolytic transfusion reactions.
- List the laboratory findings associated with hemolytic and nonhemolytic transfusion reactions.
- Discuss the definition, pathophysiology, signs, symptoms, therapies, prevention, and clinical work-up of hemolytic and nonhemolytic transfusion reactions.
- List the antibodies associated with hemolytic transfusion reactions.
- List the steps and procedures to follow in a laboratory investigation of a transfusion reaction.
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Course Outline
Click on a link in the outline to view a sample page from this course.
- Adverse Effects of Blood Transfusions
- Blood Component Transfusion Risks
- Acute Immunologic Transfusion Reactions
- Acute Hemolytic Transfusion Reactions
- Febrile Nonhemolytic Transfusion Reactions
- Febrile Nonhemolytic Transfusion Reactions: Definition/Manifestation/Prevalence
- Diagnosis, Treatment and Prevention
- Allergic Transfusion Reaction
- Definition/Manifestations/Prevalence
- Pathophysiology
- Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention
- A febrile nonhemolytic transfusion reaction is characterized by which of the following?
- Premedication with antihistamines may prevent an allergic reaction in patients with a history of multiple urticarial transfusion reactions.
- Transfusion-Related Acute Lung Injury (TRALI)
- Definition and Epidemiology
- Clinical Presentation and Laboratory Findings
- Pathophysiology
- Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prognosis
- Evaluation of Donors Associated with Transfusion-Related Acute Lung Injury (TRALI)
- Prevention of Transfusion-Related Acute Lung Injury (TRALI)
- Which type of antibodies are known to cause transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) reactions?
- Delayed Immunologic Transfusion Reactions
- Delayed Hemolytic Transfusion Reactions
- Definition and Incidence
- Diagnosis
- Severe Delayed Hemolytic Transfusion Reactions (DHTR)
- Prevention
- Delayed hemolytic transfusion reactions (DHTR) typically occur 3 hours after transfusion.
- Transfusion-Associated Graft Versus Host Disease (TA-GVHD)
- Definition and Incidence
- Clinical Presentation and Diagnosis
- Therapy and Prevention
- Post-Transfusion Purpura (PTP)
- Definition/Manifestation/Prevalence
- Pathophysiology, Treatment and Prevention
- Which of the following patients are at risk for transfusion-associated graft versus host disease (TA-GVHD) and require irradiated cellular blood produ...
- Post-transfusion purpura (PTP) is characterized by which of the following?
- Acute Nonimmunologic Transfusion Reactions
- Bacterial Contamination
- Presentation and Prevalence
- Bacteria Implicated in Contamination
- Sources of Contamination
- Reducing Transfusion-Associated Septic Reactions
- Which type of blood component is most implicated in bacterial contamination?
- Circulatory Overload
- Transfusion-Associated Circulatory Overload (TACO)
- Physical/Chemical Hemolysis
- Physical and Chemical Mechanisms of Hemolysis
- Delayed NonImmunologic Transfusion Reactions
- Iron Overload
- Disease Transmission
- Role of Medical Personnel Performing the Transfusion
- Procedure for a Suspected Adverse Reaction
- Laboratory Investigation of a Transfusion Reaction.
- Preliminary Laboratory Investigation
- Additional Testing
- What is the first step a transfusionist should take when a transfusion reaction is suspected?
- When performing a transfusion reaction investigation, what is the clerical check used to detect?
- Reporting Transfusion Reactions
- References
Additional Information
Level of instruction: Intermediate Intended audience: Medical laboratory scientists, medical technologists, and technicians, This course is also appropriate for clinical laboratory science students and pathology residents.
Author information: Erin Tretter, MT(ASCP), is currently the Point of Care Coordinator and Lead Medical Technologist at St. Christopher’s Hospital for Children in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. She received her BS in Medical Technology from California University of Pennsylvania and has experience as a Generalist, including Blood Bank, Hematology and Chemistry. Erin is the Blood Bank Clinical Instructor for the Clinical Laboratory Science Program at St. Christopher’s and has four years experience teaching immunohematology concepts and laboratory procedures to Medical Technology students. She has also provided blood bank training for laboratory technologists and medical students. Erin is currently obtaining a Master’s in Business Administration from Florida Institute of Technology where she is a member of the Phi Kappa Phi Honor’s Society. Reviewer information: Judi Bennett BSM, MT(AMT) is a Program Director for MediaLab, Inc. Prior to her current position with MediaLab, she worked for Gwinnett Hospital System; her final position there was with information services. She has worked as a laboratory generalist and has held supervisor-level positions in several laboratory disciplines. Judi also has experience as a
Point-of-Care coordinator and Laboratory Manager. She has been a speaker at LIS and AMT conferences and has been published in CLMA magazine. Course information: This course is a review of clinical and laboratory recognition of transfusion reactions and the responsibilities of both areas for prevention of and proper response to a suspected reaction.
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